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The Abbot and then Commendator of Melrose was the head of the monastic community of Melrose Abbey, in Melrose in the Borders region of Scotland. The abbots of the earlier Northumbrian foundation from Lindisfarne are not included here. The second abbey was founded in 1136 on the patronage of David I (''Dabíd mac Maíl Choluim''), King of Scots, by Cistercian monks from Rievaulx Abbey, Yorkshire. Control of the abbey was secularized in the 16th century and after the accession of James Stewart, the abbey was held by commendators. The last commendator, James Douglas of Lochleven, resigned the abbacy to William Douglas, 6th Earl of Morton (his nephew) in December 1606, and the abbey itself to the king in 1608. The abbey (or most of its lands) was then erected into a secular lordship for viscount Haddington, John Ramsay, who in 1609 was created "Lord Melrose".〔Ian B. Cowan, & David E. Easson, ''Medieval Religious Houses: Scotland With an Appendix on the Houses in the Man'', Second Edition, (London, 1976), p. 77.〕 Lochleven however resumed the title of commendator in 1613 until his death in 1620. ==List of Abbots== * Richard,〔Newbattle founded during abbacy; deposed 1148.〕 1136-1148〔He resigned in 1148, and was not deposed by the Abbot of Rievaulx; he died at Clairvaux in 1149.〕 * St. Waltheof,〔Previously Sacrist of Rievaulx.〕 1148-1159〔Holmcultram & Kinloss abbeys founded during abbacy; died 3 August 1159〕 * William, 1159-1170〔Coupar Angus Abbey founded; resigned, April 1170.〕 * Jocelin, 1170-1174〔Elected Bishop of Glasgow, 23 May 1174; retained abbacy until consecration to bishopric in May 1175〕 * Laurence, 1175-1178〔A Melrose monk, formerly abbot of some short-lived cistercian foundation in Orkney; elected May 1174; died January 1179.〕 * Ernald, 1179-89〔Abbot from January 1179; in March 1189, elected as Abbot of Rievaulx.〕 * Reiner,〔Formerly Abbot of Kinloss〕 1189-94〔Resigned Melrose in 1194.〕 * Radulf (I),〔Formerly Abbot of Kinloss.〕 1194-1202〔In 1202, elected Bishop of Down in Ireland.〕 * William,〔Formerly Abbot of Coupar Angus.〕 1202-06 * Patrick,〔Formerly sub-prior of the convent.〕 1206-07 * Adam, 1207-13〔Made Bishop of Caithness in 1213.〕 * Hugh de Clipstone, 1214-15〔Elected May 1214; resigned at Citeaux in November 1215.〕 * William de Courcy, 1215-6〔Promoted to the abbacy of Rievaulx.〕 * Radulf II,〔Former cellerar.〕 1216-1219〔Died 1219.〕 * Adam de Harkarres,〔Formerly Abbot of Newbattle.〕 1219-46〔Succeeded on 6 August; 15th Abbot. Died probably in 1246.〕 * Matthew,〔Former cellarer of Melrose.〕 1246-61〔One authority claims that he resigned because of infirmity (at Melrose) on 24 July 1261, while another claims that he was deposed at Rievaulx by the Abbot of Rievaulx.〕 * Adam of Maxton,〔Formerly Abbot of Newbattle.〕 1261-67〔Deposed by the General Cistercian Chapter, 1267.〕 * John de Edrom (or Ederham), 1267-68 x 69〔Excommunicated by council of Scottish church in 1268; resigned 1268x69.〕 * Robert de Keldeleth,〔Former monk of Newbattle, Abbot of Dunfermline and Chancellor of Scotland.〕 1269-73 * Patrick de Selkirk, 1273–96 * ???〔Although the First Scottish War of Independence was taking place at this time, the length of "vacancy" nevertheless implies that at least one person held the abbacy post between 1296 and 1310.〕 * William de Fogo, 1310–1329 * Thomas de Soutra, 1333 x 1335-x1342 * William de St Andrews, 1342–1376 * Gilbert de Roxburgh, 1391–1392 * David Benyng (or Binning), 1394–1422 * John Fogo, 1425–1434 * Richard Londy (or Lundy), 1440–1444 * Andrew Hunter, 1444-1465〔One source mentions an abbot called William for 2 June 1460, but this looks like it's probably a mistake.〕 * Robert Blackadder, 1471–1483 * Richard Lamb, 1472-1483〔Was elected by the brethren and received recognition from the bishop of Glasgow; Blackadder had had the abbacy reserved to him without taking up the monastic habit, but by 1476 resigned his claim, probably in return for a pension. Lamb contracted leprosy a few years before his death.〕 * John Brown (or Carnecorss), 1483–1486 * ???, 1486〔Died soon after election; name unknown.〕 * ???, 1486〔 * David Brown, 1486-1507/10 * * Bernard Bell, rival to David Brown, 1486–1503 * * William Turnbull, rival to David Brown, 1503-1507〔Became Abbot of Coupar Angus.〕 * Robert Betoun,〔Formerly Abbot of Glenluce and then Abbot of Coupar Angus, which he exchanged with Turnbull for his claims to Melrose.〕 1507/10-1521 x 1524 * John Maxwell,〔Formerly Abbot of Dundrennan.〕 1524-1526 * Andrew Durie, 1525-1541〔Became Bishop of Galloway.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Abbot of Melrose」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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